As migrant spouses’ education increases from high school to some college or above, the increase in their likelihood of hukou locality intermarriage is similar between Shanghai and Shenzhen. When migrant spouses’ education changes from high school to some college or above, their odds of hukou locality intermarriage increase by 159% and 110% in Shanghai and Shenzhen, respectively, and the difference between Shanghai and Shenzhen is not statistically significant (Shanghai: ? = 0.95, exp(?) = 2.59,p < 0.001;> 0.05). In contrast, as migrant spouses’ education changes from less than high school to high school, their odds of intermarriage increase significantly in Shenzhen (? = 0.02 + 1.81 = 1.83,p < 0.001)> 0.05), and the difference is highly significant (dif.: ? = 1.81,p < 0.001).
Which dating is very good within the Shenzhen
Complete, plus supporting proof of a dyadic exchange, particularly in Shenzhen, we also see supportive facts to own sector replace, once the migrants are more likely to wed a location lover (we.e., to create hukou intermarriage) as their knowledge increases. The outcomes highly recommend a top likelihood of hukou area-knowledge change for low-college-experienced migrants in the Shenzhen than in Shanghai, but a similar likelihood of hukou area-training replace within these a couple of towns to have university-knowledgeable migrants, and this supporting Hypothesis 3 Romanian postimyynti vaimo maksaa the all the way down likelihood of hukou area-knowledge change from inside the Shanghai, versus Shenzhen, holds to own non-college-experienced migrants yet not to possess university-knowledgeable migrants.
Predicated on Model 5 from Desk dos and you can Contour dos , local spouses’ education isn’t regarding the its log-probability of hukou area intermarriage, and this dating cannot disagree among them towns
Up to now, we have experienced only intermarriage between neighbors and you may migrants, in place of pinpointing ranging from a couple hukou sizes. In our test, locals are mainly urban hukou owners whereas migrants mainly hold rural hukou in both locations. Particularly, for the Shanghai, throughout the 85% of natives but just about 20% regarding migrants possess urban hukou. During the Shenzhen, all of the residents keep urban hukou, however, only about thirty five% off migrants try urban hukou proprietors. The latest clinical improvement regarding hukou sort of anywhere between natives and migrants means a probability of hukou method of replace in this inter-hukou-locality ine if or not hukou method of has an effect on our efficiency.
Basic, we glance at new distribution out-of hukou method of one of intermarriages out-of hukou locality. Because found into the Shape A1, over 1 / 2 of the fresh new lovers in which two partners disagree into the hukou locality function homogamy in terms of hukou type. This really is in keeping with prior findings that Chinese elizabeth hukou form of (Li & Lu, 2008; Wang & The guy, 2014). An effective gender asymmetric pattern off hukou interong partners involving a migrant partner and you will a neighbor hood partner, merely eleven% is rural-husband-urban-spouse partners whereas 86% was urban-husband-urban-partner partners. Having said that, among partners in which the spouse are a great Shanghai local resident together with partner try a migrant, 45% is actually urban-husband-rural-wife partners. This basically means, whenever women that have Shanghai hukou wed migrants, they have a tendency so you’re able to wed urban migrants, whereas men that have Shanghai hukou exactly who get married migrant feminine commonly marry rural migrants. In the Shenzhen, it gender trend is actually faster noticable: 26% regarding migrant-husband-local-wife lovers has a metropolitan partner and you may an outlying spouse, while a dozen% from local-husband-migrant-spouse people involve a metropolitan spouse and you will a rural partner. These findings suggest that when you look at the Shanghai relationship field, each other hukou locality and you may hukou type design intermarriage patterns, but in Shenzhen hukou sort of seems shorter important. It after that helps our very own results on the hukou barrier being stronger into the Shanghai than in Shenzhen.
Second, we did a sensitivity analysis by excluding couples in which two spouses differ in both hukou locality and hukou type. In this way, intermarriages that cross hukou locality do not include any couples that might also engage in status exchange in terms of hukou type. The results (available upon request) are substantively the same. Hukou locality homogamy remains more pronounced in Shanghai than in Shenzhen (? Shenzhen*hukou homogamy =?0.42, p < 0.001).>shenzhen*(migrants: high school vs. less than high school) 1.11, p < 0.1).>